Williams finished seventh last season in new team principal James Vowles’ first term. This season they are ninth in the standings after the first six races following a tricky winter in which Vowles has been trying to modernise the way the team works.
This led to delays in the car-build process, and a series of crashes have left Williams under pressure so far in 2024.
“It has been a difficult start to the year, but since joining Williams we have made significant progress together and I have seen the huge changes happening behind the scenes to take us back to the front of the grid,” added Albon.
Williams said the new deal “underscores our commitment to building a competitive team capable of challenging for podiums and championships in F1”.
Vowles said: “We are delighted to secure Alex’s long-term future with Williams Racing. He has exceptional talent, technical input and dedication to the cause and this is a huge vote of confidence in Williams and the journey back to competitiveness that we are on.
“Since joining, Alex has consistently demonstrated his ability to perform under pressure, and signing him for the long-term is a big piece of the puzzle of moving us up the grid.”